Osteoblast Too Lazy or Just Insulin Resistant

Overview

Insulin and its downstream signaling cascade regulate osteoclast and osteoblast development, essential for postnatal bone formation and turnover. Insulin signaling regulates osteoblast bone production and osteoclast bone resorption, although largely in osteoblasts. Impaired osteoblastic insulin signaling affects osteoblast proliferation, differentiation, and survival, lowering bone quality. Insulin, MAPK, and PI3K/Akt play key roles in bone cell development, function, and survival. Osteoblastic insulin signaling controls bone development and turnover and is necessary for energy metabolism.