India is the second most populated country in the world with wide regional variations of caste, religion, socioeconomic status, lifestyle and food habits. These variations reflect not only in the epidemiology of diabetes but also in its care. A better understanding of the regional variation in diabetes is necessary for better planning of healthcare policies to ensure an effective care. There is need for promoting research for better understanding of diabetes care in India and development of novel, effective and safe therapeutic agents. In addition, a combined effort from patients, family members, healthcare professionals, government and NGO's can only help to tide over the situation.